What is the purpose of a compiler?

The purpose of a compiler is to convert source programs written in a high-level programming language into object programs, which are typically in machine language that a computer's processor can understand and execute. This conversion process involves several stages, including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, optimization, and code generation. By translating the high-level code, which is more human-readable, into machine code, the compiler allows developers to write programs in a more intuitive language while still enabling the computer to execute the instructions efficiently. This function is essential in software development as it bridges the gap between human logic and machine functionality, facilitating the creation of applications that perform a wide range of tasks.