What is defined as the numbers, words, figures, sounds, and graphics that describe people, events, things, and ideas?

The correct choice is data. Data refers to the raw facts and figures that can be collected, measured, and analyzed. This includes numbers, words, figures, sounds, and graphics. Data is often unprocessed and lacks context, meaning it needs to be organized or interpreted to create meaning or insight.

When data is organized and processed, it transforms into information, which provides context and meaning about a subject. This distinction highlights the foundational role of data in the information-processing hierarchy.

Other terms such as software and hardware refer to the tools and technology used to process or utilize data but do not describe the content itself. Understanding this distinction is crucial for grasping the basics of how data is utilized within technology and informatics.