What is a Trojan horse in the context of computer security?

In the context of computer security, a Trojan horse refers to unauthorized instructions that are concealed within a functioning program. This type of malware disguises itself as a legitimate application or file to deceive users into executing it. Once activated, it can perform malicious actions such as stealing data, giving unauthorized access to system resources, or installing additional harmful software.

This term derives from the ancient Greek story of the Trojan War, where the Greeks used a deceptive wooden horse to gain entry into the city of Troy. Similarly, a Trojan horse in computing tricks users into allowing it into their systems, often leading to serious security breaches.

Understanding how a Trojan horse operates is crucial for protecting against cyber threats, as it highlights the importance of being cautious with software downloads and installations, even if they appear legitimate. Recognizing the role they play in cybersecurity can help individuals and organizations enhance their defenses against potential attacks.