What is a rigid piece of insulating material with electrical paths on it that controls specific functions?

A circuit board is indeed a rigid piece of insulating material that has electrical pathways etched onto its surface. These pathways, made of conductive materials, allow electricity to flow between different components mounted on the board, such as resistors, capacitors, and integrated circuits. The circuit board serves as the foundation for these components, enabling them to interact and perform specific functions within an electronic device.

This design is essential in creating connections in devices like computers, smartphones, and numerous other electronic appliances, effectively coordinating and managing the functioning of various components and systems. Understanding the role of a circuit board is critical for recognizing how modern electronics are built and designed, making it a fundamental concept in exploring technology.